3G or 3rd generation mobile telecommunications is a
generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunication services
fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000)
specifications by the International Telecommunication Union. Application
services include wide-area wireless voice telephone, mobile Internet access,
video calls and mobile TV, all in a mobile environment.
Key features of 3G systems are a high degree of commonality
of design worldwide, compatibility of services, use of small pocket terminals
with worldwide roaming capability, Internet and other multimedia applications,
and a wide range of services and terminals. According to the International
Telecommunication Union (ITU) International Mobile Telecommunications 2000
initiative ("IMT-2000") third generation mobile ("3G")
system services are scheduled to be initiated around the year 2000, subject to
market considerations. The following Table describes some of the key service
attributes and capabilities expected of 3G systems:
3G System Capabilities
Capability
to support circuit and packet data at high bit rates:
-144
kilobits/second or higher in high mobility (vehicular) traffic
-384
kilobits/second for pedestrian traffic
-2
Megabits/second or higher for indoor traffic
Interoperability
and roaming
Common
billing/user profiles:
-Sharing of
usage/rate information between service providers
-Standardized
call detail recording
-Standardized
user profiles
Capability
to determine geographic position of mobiles and report it to both the network
and the mobile terminal
Support of
multimedia services/capabilities:
-Fixed and
variable rate bit traffic
-Bandwidth
on demand
-Asymmetric
data rates in the forward and reverse links
-Multimedia
mail store and forward
-Broadband access up to 2 Megabits/second
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was formed in
1998 to foster deployment of 3G networks that descended from GSM. 3GPP
technologies evolved as follows.
-General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) offered
speeds up to 114 Kbps.
-Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
(EDGE) reached up to 384 Kbps.
-UMTS
Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) offered downlink speeds up to 1.92 Mbps.
-High Speed
Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) boosted the downlink to 14Mbps.
- LTE
Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) is aiming for 100 Mbps.
GPRS deployments began in 2000, followed by EDGE in 2003.
While these technologies are defined by IMT-2000, they are sometimes called
"2.5G" because they did not offer multi-megabit data rates. EDGE has
now been superceded by HSDPA (and its uplink partner HSUPA).
A second organization, the 3rd Generation Partnership
Project 2 (3GPP2) -- was formed to help North American and Asian operators
using CDMA2000 transition to 3G. 3GPP2 technologies evolved as follows.
-One Times Radio Transmission Technology (1xRTT) offered speeds
up to 144 Kbps.
-Evolution Data Optimized (EV-DO) increased downlink speeds
up to 2.4 Mbps.
-EV-DO Rev. A boosted downlink peak speed to 3.1 Mbps and
reduced latency.
-EV-DO Rev. B can use 2 to 15 channels, with each downlink
peaking at 4.9 Mbps.
-Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) was slated to reach 288 Mbps
on the downlink.
The 3GPP2's next-generation technology, UMB, may not catch
on, as many CDMA operators are now planning to evolve to LTE instead.
In fact, LTE and UMB are often called 4G (fourth generation)
technologies because they increase downlink speeds an order of magnitude. This
label is a bit premature because what constitutes "4G" has not yet
been standardized. The ITU is currently considering candidate technologies for
inclusion in the 4G IMT-Advanced standard, including LTE, UMB, and WiMAX II.
Goals for 4G include data rates of least 100 Mbps, use of OFDMA transmission,
and packet-switched delivery of IP-based voice, data, and streaming multimedia.
http://www.dryaseen.pk/wp_3g.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3G
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ReplyDeleteUMTS help mobile communications to move forward from where we are today into 3G services and deliver speech, data, pictures, graphics, video communication, and other services to the users.
ReplyDelete3G wireless networks consist of a Radio Access Network (RAN) and a core network. nice info plang
ReplyDelete3G is one of the most widely use and fast and reliable way of communication. it is one of the latest device of the century good job.....
ReplyDeleteIn addition to mr. greg the core network consists of a packet-switched domain, which includes 3G SGSNs and GGSNs, which provide the same functionality that they provide in a GPRS system, and a circuit-switched domain, which includes 3G MSC for switching of voice calls.
ReplyDeleteThanks for the info mr. plang.. keep it up ;)
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ReplyDelete3G involves many services that concerns with efficiency and convenience of data communication...
ReplyDeleteAccording to the 3GPP, there were 166 HSDPA networks in 75 countries at the end of 2007. The next step for GSM operators: LTE E-UTRA, based on specifications completed in late 2008.
ReplyDeleteAbove all mentioned,the key ey features of 3G systems are a high degree of commonality of design worldwide, compatibility of services, use of small pocket terminals with worldwide roaming capability, Internet and other multimedia applications, and a wide range of services and terminals..
ReplyDeleteKUDOS!!